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The Influence of Western Thinkers on Sun Yat-Sen, His Political Philosophy and Practice
Mališ, Jan ; Halamka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this paper is to highlight the influences of major Western thinkers on Sun Yat-sen, which authors have had how much of an influence, and how different influences from different authors interact. The thesis begins immediately after the introduction, with a brief summary of Sun Yat-sen's life, emphasizing the possible influences from any angle. The work then moves on to the main part, which are the influences themselves, divided into two parts. The first are the broader influences, that is, the influences of authors, stimuli, or environments that did not have as much of an influence as the four main authors, but are still worthy of a subsection in the thesis alone. These chapters analyze Mill, Rousseau, Lincoln, and then the influence of Japan and British-influenced territories. The second part then deals with the main authors, which are Montesquieu,George, Kropotkin and Marx. The thesis then concludes with a summary of the main findings, a short recapitulation of the thesis and overall concluding thoughts on the thesis.
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Civil Religion. Audit and Update
Jüptner, Jan ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee) ; Hrubec, Marek (referee)
PhD thesis assesses the history of the idea of civil religion and proposes a theoretical interface encompassing all its conceptualisations encountered to date (Rousseau, Bellah, Cristi, Parsons, Luhmann, and Lübbe). Civil religion is understood here as a system of reference points through which society, in the process of self-description, projects into the peripheries its autopoietic realities (of the past, future and eternality) so as to lend stability and import to its existence. By relating to these references, a discourse originates which, being characteristic of the presence of thick and comprehensive meanings, enables the society to communicate about its origins, ends and purpose. In its civil configuration this discourse is pluralist and the involvement of its actors is quite restrained. The model allows for an analysis of the entire serious symbol-based communication of the actors (weighty words, religious symbols, nationalism, conspiracy theories and political correctness) within a single context, as well as of preconditions for such communication. The crisis discourse opened in the USA after 9/11 and aspects of Czech life and institutions are also analysed. In the Czech Republic we identify a minority civil religion discourse, concentrated around semi-secularised references on truth and...
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Commenius', Locke's and Rousseau's Image of Child
Šístek, Martin ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Krámský, David (referee)
The seeds to the contemporary understanding of a child as a unique human being that deserves the highest degree of protection and care, were planted in the 17th and 18th century. The writings of the philosophers J.A.Comenius, John Locke and J.J. Rousseau have significantly contributed to this modern-era "turn toward the child". Using the background of individual scholars' opinions and ideas, the author is studying or noticing in what each of the thinkers sees the basis of uniqueness and irreplaceability of childhood.
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Dramatic Responses to Molière's Misanthrope
Zahálka, Michal ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Sarkissian, Alena (referee)
English abstract The thesis follows the phenomenon of sequels to Molière's The Misanthrope as they appeared in French (mostly dramatic) literature in various eras and socio- political situations - ranging from the times of the French revolution up to the 1990s. The main interest in examining those texts is finding a standpoint each author takes within the ongoing disputes of the original play's interpretation (using the famous dispute between Rousseau and d'Alembert as a basic distinction in those disputes) and describing strategies of each author's work with the story and characterisation of key characters in the plays. Critical responses to the plays and their staging are discussed wherever possible. In the conclusion, the plays are compared analytically and possible trends in the approach to the material are outlined: the focus visibly shifts from the philosophical questions of the play to the unfulfilled love affair between Alceste and Celimene over the years.
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The Comparison of Concept of Democracy in the Work of Jean Jacques Rousseau and Hans Kelsen
Habrová, Klára ; Šimsa, Martin (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The main goal of this paper is to compare Hanse Kelsen and Jean-Jacques Rousseau's concepts of democracy and to establish common features in their works. Attention is also drawn to the connection between Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Kelsen's writings. In order to determine this connection, the author of this paper examined fthe ollowing works of the above mentioned Of The Social Contract, Or Principles of Political Right and Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and O podstatě a hodnotě demokracie by Hanse Kelsen. Afterwards, the author's aim was to take a critical look at the two writer's works. She based her critical examination of Jean-Jacque Russeau on the writings of Božena Komárková, Jürgen Habermas and Charles Taylor and drew from Carl Schmitt's work to analyse Hanse Kelsen. To be able to critically appraise these authors as well, it was necessary to study other areas than democracy. For example, the author studied the topic of human rights as seen by Božena Komárková. The main part of this paper primarily deals with different concepts of democracy as the above mentioned authors have described. Individual works are examined in detail and the author tries to find common features in the concept of democracy as seen by Kelsen and Rousseau. Finally, the...
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Civil Religion. Audit and Update
Jüptner, Jan ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee) ; Hrubec, Marek (referee)
PhD thesis assesses the history of the idea of civil religion and proposes a theoretical interface encompassing all its conceptualisations encountered to date (Rousseau, Bellah, Cristi, Parsons, Luhmann, and Lübbe). Civil religion is understood here as a system of reference points through which society, in the process of self-description, projects into the peripheries its autopoietic realities (of the past, future and eternality) so as to lend stability and import to its existence. By relating to these references, a discourse originates which, being characteristic of the presence of thick and comprehensive meanings, enables the society to communicate about its origins, ends and purpose. In its civil configuration this discourse is pluralist and the involvement of its actors is quite restrained. The model allows for an analysis of the entire serious symbol-based communication of the actors (weighty words, religious symbols, nationalism, conspiracy theories and political correctness) within a single context, as well as of preconditions for such communication. The crisis discourse opened in the USA after 9/11 and aspects of Czech life and institutions are also analysed. In the Czech Republic we identify a minority civil religion discourse, concentrated around semi-secularised references on truth and...
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Commenius', Locke's and Rousseau's Image of Child
Šístek, Martin ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Krámský, David (referee)
The seeds to the contemporary understanding of a child as a unique human being that deserves the highest degree of protection and care, were planted in the 17th and 18th century. The writings of the philosophers J.A.Comenius, John Locke and J.J. Rousseau have significantly contributed to this modern-era "turn toward the child". Using the background of individual scholars' opinions and ideas, the author is studying or noticing in what each of the thinkers sees the basis of uniqueness and irreplaceability of childhood.
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